Une courte biographie d'un chercheur travaillant chez Google Inc.

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My research interests are in the area of information retrieval
(IR), its application to web search, web graph analysis, and user interfaces for search.
Here are some of my selected
publications (chronologically ordered). At Google I have worked on
using IR techniques to improve web search. Before joining Google in
2000. I did research in the following sub-areas of Information
Retrieval:

• Speech Retrieval: Increasing amounts of spoken
  communication are stored in digital form for archival purposes (for
  instance, broadcasts material). With advances in automatic speech
  recognition (ASR) technology, it is now possible to automatically
  transcribe speech with reasonable accuracy. Once transcribed, IR
  methods can be used to search speech collections. Think of this as a
  search engine for speech. However, the interesting problem is to
  search speech given large number of automatic speech recognition
  errors. More recently I have done some work in this area. When at
  AT&T Labs, we developed SCAN, a system that combines speech
  recognition, information retrieval and user interface techniques
  to provide a multimodal interface to speech archives.
  
• Document Ranking: Also called text/document
  searching/retrieval (that makes four phrases by the way), this is the
  best known part of our field. If you are reading this page, chances
  are that you have already used a "search engine" before. Document
  ranking is what search engines do: given a user query, how to rank a
  large collection of documents (web pages, news articles, your email,
  someone else's email that you happen to have hacked, ...) so that what
  you are looking for is ranked ahead of other less useful (or useless)
  documents.
  
• Question Answering: People have questions and they need answers,
  not documents. Automatic question answering will definitely be a
  significant advance in the state-of-art information retrieval
  technology. Systems that can do reliable question answering without
  domain restrictions have not been developed yet.
  
  I organized the first few runnings of the QA Track
  under the Text REtrieval Conference
  (TREC) umbrella to advance this sub-field of language
  processing.
  
• Document Routing/Filtering: This is the "query by example"
  version of document ranking. Once you point the system to a few "good
  documents", the system then tracks all NEW documents and points you to
  only those ones that you should be looking at. Typically the system
  tries to find new documents that are similar to the documents that you
  said were good.
  
• Automatic Text Summarization: Documents are huge and we
  don't always want to read them all. (I don't know about you but I
  certainly don't have the patience. And given the stuff you find on the
  web ...) Techniques that automatically "summarize" documents will be
  tremendously useful. Domain independent text summarization is very
  hard, at times even for humans; typically machines do summarization by
  text extraction. Relevant pieces (sentences, paragraphs, ...) of text
  are typically extracted and presented as a "summary".
  
• Miscellaneous (TREC): Since 1992 National Institute of Standards in
  Technology (NIST) (along with DARPA) sponsors an annual conference
  called Text REtrieval Conference
  (TREC) to support research within the information retrieval
  community by providing the infrastructure necessary for large-scale
  evaluation of text retrieval methodologies. I have been actively
  participating in TRECs since TREC-3 (held in 1994).
  

Brief Bio


I was born in India in the state of Uttar Pradesh
(Hindi, my native language, for "Northern State"). I spent most of my
boyhood in the foothills of the Himalayas. I got a BS degree in
Computer Science from University of Roorkee (now IIT Roorkee) in India, a MS, Computer
Science again, from University of Minnesota (somehow, back then, I always found
myself in cold places) and a PhD in Computer Science from Cornell
University. At Cornell I studied with (late) Prof. Gerard Salton, one of the founders of
the field of IR. Somewhere between my degrees I had real jobs doing
database programming and IR system hacking. After my PhD I joined AT&T
Labs in 1996. In 2000, my friend Krishna Bharat persuaded me to join Google.